History of Romance Dating Customs

Where would we be without romance? What was courtship and marriage like for our distant ancestors? Beginning with the ancient Greeks recognition of the need to describe more than one kind of love, inventing the word eros to describe carnal love, and agape to mean a spiritual love, take a stroll back through romantic heritage with this timeline of romantic customs, dating rituals, and tokens of love. Ancient Courtship In ancient times, many of the first marriages were by capture, not choice — when there was a scarcity of nubile women, men raided other villages for wives. Frequently the tribe from which a warrior stole a bride would come looking for her, and it was necessary for the warrior and his new wife to go into hiding to avoid being discovered. According to an old French custom, as the moon went through all its phases the couple drank a brew called metheglin, which was made from honey. Hence, we get the word, honeymoon. Arranged marriages were the norm, primarily business relationships born out of the desire and/or need for property, monetary or political alliances. Medieval Chivalry From buying a woman dinner to opening a door for her, many of todays courting rituals are rooted in medieval chivalry. During medieval times, the importance of love in a relationship emerged as a reaction to arranged marriages but was still not considered a prerequisite in matrimonial decisions. Suitors wooed their intended with serenades and flowery poetry, following the lead of lovelorn characters on stage and in verse. Chastity and honor were highly regarded virtues. In 1228, it is said by many that women first gained the right to propose marriage in Scotland, a legal right that then slowly spread through Europe. However, a number of historians have pointed out that this supposed leap year proposal statute never occurred, and instead gained its legs as a romantic notion spread in the press.   Victorian Formality During the Victorian Era (1837-1901), romantic love became viewed as the primary requirement for marriage and courting became even more formal — almost an art form among the upper classes. An interested gentleman could not simply walk up to a young lady and begin a conversation. Even after being introduced, it was still some time before it was considered appropriate for a man to speak to a lady or for a couple to be seen together. Once they had been formally introduced, if the gentleman wished to escort the lady home he would present his card to her. At the end of the evening, the lady would look over her options and choose who would be her escort. She would notify the lucky gentleman by giving him her own card requesting that he escort her home. Almost all courting took place in the girls home, under the eye of watchful parents. If the courting progressed, the couple might advance to the front porch. Smitten couples rarely saw each other without the presence of a chaperone, a nd marriage proposals were frequently written. Courtship  Customs Tokens of Love Some of the Nordic countries have courtship customs involving knives. For example, in Finland when a girl came of age, her father let it be known that she was available for marriage. The girl would wear an empty sheath attached to her girdle. If a suitor liked the girl, he would put a puukko knife in the sheath, which the girl would keep if she was interested in him.The custom of bundling, found in many parts of 16th and 17th century Europe and America, allowed courting couples to share a bed, fully clothed, and often with a bundling board between them or bolster cover tied over the girls legs. The idea was to allow the couple to talk and get to know each other but in the safe (and warm) confines of the girls house.Dating back to 17th century Wales, ornately carved spoons, known as lovespoons, were traditionally made from a single piece of wood by a suitor to show his affection to his loved one. The decorative carvings have various meanings — from an anchor meaning I desire to settle down to an intricate vine meaning love grows.Chivalrous gentlemen in England often sent a pair of gloves to their true loves. If the woman wore the gloves to church on Sunday it signaled her acceptance of the proposal.In some parts of 18th-century Europe, a biscuit or small loaf of bread was broken over the head of the bride as she emerged from the church. Unmarried guests scrambled for the pieces, which they then placed under their pillows to bring dreams of the one they would someday marry. This custom is believed to be the precursor of the wedding cake.Many cultures throughout the world recognize the idea of matrimony as the ties that bind. In some African cultures, long grasses are braided together and used to tie the hands of the groom and bride together to symbolize their union. Delicate twine is used in the Hindu Vedic wedding ceremony to bind one of the brides hands to one of the hands of the groom. In Mexico the practice of having a ceremonial rope loosely place aro und both of the necks of the bride and groom to bind them together is common.

Ethical Issues Of Health Care - 954 Words

Introduction: It is quiet common in health care profession that there is always clash between a patient’s family and health care personnel. It has been observed that few patients inevitably suffer from the consequences, that they made during the course of their care or when they are hospitalized. Many people, who need surgical procedure or diagnostic tests, are compelled to wait months, or in worst cases for few years. This are few examples of some ethical issues that a patients and their near one may need to face in a health care organization (Breslin, MacRae, Bell Singer, 2005). Besides that there are other issues are present in health sector. Apart from that there is a great discrimination have been observed in addressing ethical issues in health care from one issue to another. Few of the issue receives great attention from different media as well as from government where as others remain unnoticed. The aim of this study to figure out three ethical issues in health sector and analyzing the issue using ethical decision making process. So doing intensive study about different ethical issues in health I have figured out three of them and mentioned below. Ethical issues: The first issue is that, there is a disagreement between the patients/ families and medical authority on the decision regarding treatment. According to expert, these kinds of disagreements typically have two types. In one type health expert may impose a treatment option that is highly unaccepted by theShow MoreRelatedEthical Issues Of Health Care1104 Words   |  5 PagesEthical Issues in Health Care There are more ethical issues in health care then you could imagine, I will introduce three of such issues here in this paper. For starters â€Å"Making Basic Health Care Accessible,† today in our society there are many Americans that still lack basic health care. 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However, thereRead MoreEthical Issues Of Health Care Marketing1034 Words   |  5 PagesEthical Issues in Health Care Marketing Marketers in health care face many challenges in today’s market place. Therefore, competitive edge and gaining market share is key to an organizations success. False or deceptive representation in advertising is illegal under both federal and state law. The deception need not be intentional for the advertisement to be deemed misleading. For this reason, organizations must provide marketing materials in a truthful and non-misleading advertising approachRead MoreEthical Issues of Health Care Essay2075 Words   |  9 PagesEthical issues in health care PHI 111:71 Tuesdays 5:25-7:55 Dr. Aronson November 2, 2008 Word Count: 1,993 An Ironic Reversal of Professional Perspective in Medical Ethics An Ironic Reversal of Professional Perspective in Medical Ethics The movie â€Å"The Doctor† captures the shortcomings of a mechanized health care industry. 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A Closer Look Violent Rhetoric and Arizona Politics Free Essays

A Closer Look: Violent Rhetoric and Arizona Politics In â€Å"Violent Rhetoric and Arizona Politics† by Nathan Thornburgh, the author tries to get the message across that rumors can lead to more violence, than what actually happens. In a time where there are rumors flying, and people getting killed and a congresswoman shot because of them, Thornburgh is out there to prove his point that perhaps rumors are leading to all of this violence in Arizona. However his argument would have been more effective had he shown less bias, been a bit less dismissive and had provided more evidence and statistics to back up his paper. We will write a custom essay sample on A Closer Look: Violent Rhetoric and Arizona Politics or any similar topic only for you Order Now While not all bias is bad, too much can lead to an argument being less effective. Thornburgh’s bias can be seen in many aspects of the paper. In Thornburgh’s paper bias can be seen in his use of tone and word choice. Thornburgh chooses, out of the many names to call the shooter, â€Å"Coward† (Gooch 325. ) While it definitely shows Thornburgh’s anger, where does the bias come from? Simple. Thornburgh’s praise and protection of the congresswoman. It his small things, like his commenting on â€Å"Gifford was one of few politicians offering concrete law enforcement steps† and the fact that he later states numerous other facts to paint her in a good light (325). At the very end he goes on to say â€Å"Gifford’s is a sensible politician who was likely shot because she dealt with Arizona’s reality, not its rumors† (Gooch 325). It is Thornburgh’s bias, as bias is simply whichever way you lean towards in an argument, of the congresswoman that leads to him calling the shooter a coward. In anger or not, bias still promoted this. While bias is not bad, too much of it clouds your argument. That is what bias did here, as the fact that Thornburgh supports the congresswoman pops out at you and is right in your face at some points. It does not help Thornburgh’s argument either, as he becomes dismissive of certain things within his argument. Thornburgh can be seen as dismissive in some parts of his argument. He seems to not really expand on the topic and just lets it go with a simple statement. Earlier on in in his article, Thornburgh states that â€Å"There were plenty of deaths there, but they were meek tragedies† when talking about the beheading that had been rumored to be going on in the desert (Gooch 325). What Thornburgh is talking about is the fact that there are rumors going on about immigrants being beheaded in the desert, but in truth they are being abandoned by their guides. Thornburgh is attempting to say that the rumors of beheading are not true and that the rumors have led to more violence. However he comes off as dismissive towards the lives that were lost as unimportant, which would throw someone off reading his paper if they disagreed with that sentiment. Thornburgh is trying to dismiss the idea of rumors, and in the same sentence is also dismissing the event itself and writing it off as if it wasn’t that big of a deal. This contradicts himself seeing as his whole point within the argument seems to be about the fact that these rumors lead to the violence happening. The thing he is most dismissive about, however, is the need for statistics. One of the key points of an effective argument is to provide support, usually in the form of statistics, citations, and facts. While Thornburgh does give some citations from other sources, they are just quoting of events or what people had said about events. Some of Thornburgh’s facts do lend credence to his paper, such as when he quotes about the â€Å"‘Congress on Your Corner’ † (Gooch 325). Yet this isn’t quite what makes a good argument. He could perhaps make a good argument without statistics but it still stands that statistics do help provide support to your argument. For instance, one of the best places to insert statistics would have been when he was talking about the fact that because the community had been â€Å"Living in such calm for so long† they were more riled up about these things happening and rumors began to start (Gooch 325). Such a statistic would be like something from Americanprogress. rg, in which they state that â€Å"Violent crimes in Arizona are down by 15 percent since 2006† (Garcia). This would back up his statement on the fact that crimes had been low for quite a while and that they continue to drop. This would lend much help to the effectiveness of his argument. The effectiveness of Thornburgh’s argument was not as strong as it could have been. If he had been less overt about his bias, and had been a bit more profes sional, that alone would have made it a more effective argument. The one point that would have made it even more effective was if he had provided tatistics that were from a credible and reliable source. This article seemed to be more of a personal rant meant to persuade you to Thornburgh’s thinking than an actual well thought out article. Thornburgh’s points are there, and they do have clarity, but the tone is just too informal or biased to provide for an effective argument. Works Cited Garcia, Ann. â€Å"Fact Sheet: Setting the Record Straight on Border Crime. † American Progress. N. P. , 14 June 2010. Web. Gooch, John, and Dorothy U. Seyler. Argument! 2nd Ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2011. Print. How to cite A Closer Look: Violent Rhetoric and Arizona Politics, Papers

Monkey King is indeed rebellious, being in fact no Essay Example For Students

Monkey King is indeed rebellious, being in fact no Essay t an ordinary being. He was born out of a rock, fertilized by the grace of Heaven, according to the story. Being extremely smart and capable, he learned all the magic tricks and kung fu from a master Taoist. Now he can transform himself into seventy-two different images such as a tree, a bird, a beast of prey or a bug as small as a mosquito so as to sneak into an enemys belly to fight him or her inside out. Using clouds as a vehicle he can travel 180,000 miles a single somersault. He claims to be king in defiance of the only authority over heaven, the seas, the earth and the subterranean world Yu Huang Da Di, or the Great Emperor of Jade in Chinese. That act of high treason, coupled with complaints from the masters of the four seas and the hell, invites the relentless scourge of the Heavenly army. In fact, the monkey had fought into the seas and grabbed the crown treasure of the Neptune kingdom: a huge iron bar that supposedly serves as a ballast of the seas and can expand or shrink at its owners command. That became the monkeys favorite weapon in his later feats. With that weapon, he went down into hell and threatened the helly king to spare his and his followers mortal life so that they all enjoy eternity. After many showdowns, the dove faction of the heavenly court persuaded the emperor to offer the monkey an official title to appease him. The monkey accepted the offer on a trial basis. However, he learned a few days later that he was cheated and being jeered all over the heavenly court: the position he held was nothing but a stable keeper. Enraged he revolted, fighting all his way back earth to resume his own claim as a king. Eventually, the heavenly army subdued him, only after many a battle, with the help of all the god warriors. However, all methods of execution failed. Having a bronze head and iron shoulders, the monkey dulled many a sword inflicted upon him. As a last resort, the emperor commanded he be burned in the furnace where his Taoist minister Tai Shang Lao Jun refines his pills of immortality. Instead of killing him, the fire and smoke added to the monkey a pair of fiery golden crystal eyes that can see through what people normally cannot. He fought his way down again. At last, the emperor asked Buddha for help. The Buddha moved a great mountain known as the Mount of Five Fingers to fall upon him. Still, the tenacious monkey survived the enormous weight and pressure. Only that he could not move. Five hundred years later, there came to his rescue the Tang Monk, Xuan Zang, whom we mentioned at the beginning of the story. To insure that the monk could make for the West to get the sutras, Buddha had arranged for the Monkey King to become his disciple and escort him, along with two other disciples they later came across, (actually also arranged by the Buddha). One is the humorous and not uncourageous pig transgressed from a heavenly general for his crime of assaulting a fairy, and the other a used-to-be sea monster. There the four started their stormy journey west which was packed with actions and adventures that brought into full play the puissance of the monks disciples, the Monkey King in particular. ), Opens with the birth from a stone egg of Monkey, who progresses from becoming the King of the Monkeys on the Mountain of Flowers and Fruit, to achieving supernatural Daoist skills. Bounding through the skies on clouds, he creates havoc on his visits to heaven in the vain hope of achieving ever-higher celestial office. .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a , .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a .postImageUrl , .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a , .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a:hover , .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a:visited , .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a:active { border:0!important; } .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a:active , .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u29d2bc72edc8f1ecc1b32a17d862265a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: on keeping fit, the shor Essay Having eaten the peaches of immortality specially grown for the banquet to be held by the Heavenly Queen Mother of the West, and upset the Jade Emperor and other deities, he is finally incarcerated beneath the Mountain of the Five Elements by the Buddha. Released to accompany the monk Xuanzang on his quest to obtain the holy Buddhist scriptures from India, these two, and